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__NOTOC__ In psychiatry, derailment (also loosening of association, asyndesis, asyndetic thinking, knight's move thinking, or entgleisen) is a thought disorder characterized by discourse consisting of a sequence of unrelated or only remotely related ideas. The frame of reference often changes from one sentence to the next.〔P.J. McKenna, ''Schizophrenia and related syndromes'', Psychology Press, 1997, ISBN 0-86377-790-2, pp. 14-15〕〔A.C.P. Sims, ''Symptoms in the mind: an introduction to descriptive psychopathology'', Edition 3, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2003, ISBN 0-7020-2627-1, pp. 155-156〕 In a mild manifestation, this thought disorder is characterized by slippage of ideas further and further from the point of a discussion. Some of the synonyms given above (''loosening of association'', ''asyndetic thinking'') are used by some authors to refer just to a ''loss of goal'': discourse that sets off on a particular idea, wanders off and never returns to it. A related term is tangentiality—it refers to off-the-point, oblique or irrelevant answers given to questions.〔 In some studies on creativity, ''knight's move thinking'', while it describes a similarly loose association of ideas, it is not considered a mental disorder or the hallmark of one; it is sometimes used as a synonym for lateral thinking.〔〔Tudor Rickards, ''Creativity and problem solving at work'', Edition 3, Gower Publishing, 1997, ISBN 0-566-07961-5, p. 81〕〔Richard Courtney, ''Drama and intelligence: a cognitive theory'', McGill-Queen's Press, 1990, ISBN 0-7735-0766-3, p. 128〕 == Examples == * "The next day when I'd be going out you know, I took control, like uh, I put bleach on my hair in California."—given by Nancy C. Andreasen〔Andreasen NC. ''Thought, language, and communication disorders. I. A Clinical assessment, definition of terms, and evaluation of their reliability.'' Archives of General Psychiatry 1979;36(12):1315-21. PMID 496551. ()〕 * "The traffic is rumbling along the main road. They are going to the north. Why do girls always play pantomime heroes?"—given by Nazi doctor Carl Schneider〔 * "I think someone's infiltrated my copies of the cases. We've got to case the joint. I don't believe in joints, but they do hold your body together."—given by Elyn Saks.〔Elyn Saks: "A tale of mental illness — from the inside." TEDGlobal 2012. Recorded in June 2012. ()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Derailment (thought disorder)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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